Author: Giuseppe Germinaro – 12/01/2026
CHINA AND THE UNITED STATES – TWO NATIONAL SECURITY PLANS COMPARED
Giuseppe Germinaro – Independent analyst
Abstract – This analytical dossier compares the National Security Strategies of China and the United States, situating them within a broader geopolitical context that also includes Russia. It argues that, despite different political systems and strategic cultures, the Chinese and U.S. documents share a “holistic” approach that tightly links foreign policy, internal stability, economic strategy, and security. The study highlights how both strategies respond to systemic pressures: U.S. relative decline and reindustrialization efforts on one side, and China’s expansionary model and need for controlled openness on the other. Particular attention is paid to multilateralism, alliance restructuring, production chains, and the strategic use of investments abroad. The dossier concludes that these strategies foreshadow a world marked by intensified competition, selective cooperation, and a progressive fragmentation of geopolitical spaces and operational standards rather than stable strategic agreements.
Keywords: National Security Strategy, Geopolitical Competition, Multipolar Order
Continue reading, please download the Analytical Dossier AD_03_2026 ISSN 2704-6419
Giuseppe Germinario is an independent geopolitical analyst. His research focuses on the analysis of power relations among states, transformations of the international system, and the conflict dynamics generated by global strategic competition. Shaped by a background combining trade union experience, scholarly activity, and collaboration with Professor Gianfranco La Grassa, his work integrates theoretical reflection with empirical observation of political-economic processes. During the 1990s, he analyzed the privatization of Italian public enterprises within the broader framework of Western systemic restructuring. Since 2010, he has contributed to the strategic debate on the blog Conflitti e strategie, and since 2016 he has been the founder and editor of the analytical platform l’Italia e il mondo, devoted to the study of geopolitics, conflicts, and international balances, with particular attention to the link between geopolitical dynamics and internal dynamics within social formations.